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1.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul ; 23(1): e002050, 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102827

ABSTRACT

En el contexto de la publicación por parte del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación de Argentina del Protocolo para la atenciónintegral de las personas con derecho a la interrupción legal del embarazo (ILE), resumido y comentado en este mismonúmero de EVIDENCIA, este comentario editorial ofrece: 1) una perspectiva amplia de lo que significa el aborto, desde lamirada estrictamente biologicista hasta definiciones basadas en el enfoque de género; 2) una descripción de los diferentesmarcos jurídicos respecto del aborto que imperan actualmente en Latinoamérica y Argentina, haciendo especial hincapiéen lo concerniente a las ILE; 3) información epidemiológica sobre la mortalidad materna en Argentina y la asociada alaborto inseguro; 4) estadísticas sobre la realización de ILE en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.Dada la situación actual de aislamiento social preventivo obligatorio en el marco de la pandemia de Covid-19, conside-ramos quienes integramos equipos de salud debemos estar más atentos/as que nunca a las situaciones de violenciapotencial que podrían suceder en este contexto, para dar las respuestas pertinentes -entre las que se incluyen las ILE-, alas víctimas de embarazos no deseados consecutivos a situaciones de coerción. (AU)


In the context of the publication by the Argentine Ministry of Health of the Protocol for the comprehensive care of people withthe right to legal termination of pregnancy (LTP), summarized and commented on in this same issue of EVIDENCIA, thiseditorial article offers: 1) a broad perspective of what abortion means, from a strictly biological point of view to definitionsbased on the gender approach; 2) a description of the different legal frameworks regarding abortion that currently prevailin Latin America and Argentina, with special emphasis on LTP; 3) epidemiological information on maternal mortality inArgentina and that associated with unsafe abortion; 4) statistics on the realization of LTP in the Autonomous City ofBuenos Aires, Argentina.Given the current situation of mandatory preventive social isolation in the framework of the Covid-19 pandemic, we considerthat those of us who are part of health teams should be more alert than ever to situations of potential violence that couldoccur in this context, to give the relevant responses - including LTP- to victims of unwanted pregnancies following coercivesituations. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Social Isolation , Abortion, Criminal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Legal/legislation & jurisprudence , Gender-Based Violence/legislation & jurisprudence , Argentina , Pregnancy, Unwanted/ethics , Rape/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Criminal/ethics , Maternal Mortality , Coronavirus Infections , Abortion, Legal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Legal/ethics , Feminism , Abortion , Gender and Health/ethics , Gender Perspective , Gender-Inclusive Policies
2.
Salud colect ; 15: e2275, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101892

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Durante el primer semestre de 2018, en Argentina se inició un profundo debate sobre la legalización de la práctica del aborto, que puso en evidencia la falta de estudios científicos que aborden la dimensión económica del tema en la Argentina. Este trabajo busca avanzar en la cuantificación de los costos del aborto bajo dos escenarios: el del actual contexto de ilegalidad y los costos potenciales si se aplicaran los protocolos internacionales recomendados, en un contexto de legalización de la práctica. Los resultados de la comparación de los costos monetarios totales en 2018 (privados o de bolsillo y para el sistema de salud) del escenario actual de ilegalidad y práctica insegura del aborto, frente a escenarios potenciales de prácticas seguras, muestran que se podría ahorrar una gran cantidad de recursos si se implementaran los protocolos recomendados. Dichos resultandos, además, se muestran robustos al realizar una serie de ejercicios de sensibilidad sobre los principales supuestos incluidos en las comparaciones.


ABSTRACT During the first semester of 2018, a profound debate on the legalization of the practice of abortion was initiated in Argentina, which exposed the lack of scientific studies addressing the economic dimension of abortion in this country. This work seeks to move forward in the quantification of the costs of abortion under two scenarios: the current context of illegality and the potential costs if the recommended international protocols were applied in a context of legalization of the practice. The results of the comparison between, on the one hand, the total monetary costs in 2018 (private or out-of-pocket expenditure and costs for the health care system) of the current scenario of illegality and unsafe practice of abortion and, on the other hand, potential scenarios of safe practices, shows that a large amount of resources could be saved if the recommended protocols were implemented. These results proved to be robust after carrying out a series of sensitivity exercises on the main assumptions included in the comparisons.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Abortion, Criminal/economics , Health Care Costs , Abortion, Legal/economics , Argentina , Postoperative Complications/economics , Abortion, Criminal/adverse effects , Abortion, Criminal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Cost Savings/economics , Health Expenditures , Abortion, Legal/adverse effects , Abortion, Legal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Legal/statistics & numerical data
3.
Evid. actual. práct. ambul ; 21(2): 42-44, jul. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1016696

ABSTRACT

La autora de este artículo hace una síntesis de la evolución histórica y de las diferentes posturas religiosas frente al abor-to, describe su epidemiología mundial y la posición de la Organización Mundial de la Salud frente a esta problemática, resume el desarrollo y el desenlace del recientemente instalado debate sobre la legalización del aborto en Argentina y, finalmente reflexiona sobre lo que nos ha dejado este proceso político. (AU)


The author of this article summarizes the historical evolution and the different religious positions regarding abortion, describes its global epidemiology and the position of the World Health Organization in relation to this problem, summarizes the development and the outcome of the recently installed debate on the legalization of abortion in Argentina and, finally, reflect on what this politi-cal process has left us. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal/history , Abortion, Criminal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Induced/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Legal/ethics , Abortion , Argentina/epidemiology , Religion and Medicine , Religious Philosophies , Sex Education/organization & administration , Social Class , Abortion, Criminal/mortality , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Risk Factors , Misoprostol/supply & distribution , Abortion, Induced/mortality , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Legal/history , Abortion, Legal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Legal/statistics & numerical data
4.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(10): 3337-3346, Out. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-974687

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar narrativas sobre as experiências de abortar disponíveis em uma comunidade online, buscando discutir os métodos e estratégias aos quais as mulheres recorrem frente à impossibilidade legal de interrupção voluntária de gravidez e os efeitos da criminalização do aborto induzido. Como método, utilizou-se a etnografia virtual, com observação da plataforma Women on Web, coleta e análise de 18 narrativas, disponíveis publicamente e sem restrições, selecionadas entre novembro de 2016 e janeiro de 2017. As narrativas informam métodos mesclados para a realização de aborto, com prevalência de utilização do medicamento Cytotec. Em alguns casos, hospitais e consultórios médicos são incluídos nos itinerários, seja para realização de exames ou para atendimento de intercorrências. A internet se revela uma ferramenta de informação, negociação e mesmo aquisição de medicamento abortivo bastante comum, além de uma plataforma de troca de experiências. Conclui-se que as narrativas sinalizam as inseguranças, riscos e violências às quais estão submetidas as mulheres no contexto da clandestinidade, indicam a importância do debate sobre a descriminalização do aborto no Brasil, e também reforçam a existência de uma cultura compartilhada do aborto, já apontada em estudos anteriores.


Abstract This paper aims to analyze the narratives about abortion experiences available in an online community to discuss the methods and strategies to which women resort, facing the legal impossibility of voluntarily interrupting a pregnancy and the effects of the criminalization of induced abortion. The methodology used was virtual ethnography, observing the platform Women on Web, collection and analysis of 18 narratives publicly available without restrictions, selected between November 2016 and January 2017. The narratives report mixed methods to perform an abortion, with widespread use of Cytotec. Some cases include hospitals and medical clinics in the paths, whether to conduct examinations or attend to intercurrences. The internet appears as a popular tool to gather information, negotiate and even purchase abortive drugs, as well as a platform to share experiences. We concluded that the narratives point to insecurities, risks, and violence to which women are submitted in clandestine setting; they show the relevance of debate on decriminalizing abortion in Brazil, and also reinforce the existence of a shared abortion culture, as stated in other studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Young Adult , Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal/administration & dosage , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Misoprostol/administration & dosage , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Abortion, Induced/legislation & jurisprudence , Internet , Narration
5.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(11): 3631-3636, Oct. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-974720

ABSTRACT

Resumo Cabo Verde é um arquipélago do continente africano, com cerca de 538.535 habitantes. Desde sua independencia, em 1975, o país tem experimentado um rápido crescimento econômico e social, com ganhos significativos em escolarização, redução dos óbitos maternos e da mortalidade infantil. Em 2001, seguindo as diretrizes da Conferencia Internacional de População e Desenvolvimento (CIPD, Cairo, 1994), foi lançado o Programa Nacional de Saúde Reprodutiva, PNSR, visando incluir ações de saúde sexual e reprodutiva, SSR, para adolescentes, jovens e homens adultos, em parceria com o setor de educação e centros de juventude. Entretanto, a persistência da gravidez não planejada, do aborto clandestino e da infecção pelo HIV indicam lacunas na sua implementação. Estudos realizados no país apontam razões socioculturais e no âmbito da organização e oferta de serviços para os problemas identificados. Este trabalho tem como finalidade refletir sobre os alcance e limites do PNSR de Cabo Verde, considerando os desafios de implementação de políticas de saúde que afetam práticas culturais relativas ao gênero e a sexualidade; as especificidades demográficas, socioeconômicas e culturais de Cabo Verde e ainda a importancia da SSR para o desenvolvimento.


Abstract Cape Verde is an archipelago on the African coast, with 538,535 inhabitants living on nine islands. Since it gained independence in 1975, the country has experienced rapid economic and social growth, with significant gains in education as well as a reduction in maternal and infant mortality deaths. In 2001, following the guidelines of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD, Cairo, 1994), the National Reproductive Health Program (PNSR) was launched aiming to provide sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services to adolescents, young people and adult men, in partnership with the education sector and youth centers. However, the continuance of unplanned pregnancies, illegal abortions and HIV infections has indicated that there are gaps in the program`s implementation. Studies conducted in the country point to socio-cultural aspects as well as aspects covering organizations and the services on offer, as some of the reasons for the identified problems. This paper aims to reflect on the scope and limits of the PNSR in Cape Verde with consideration being given to the challenges of implementing health policies that affect cultural practices related to gender and sexuality. Consideration is also given to the specifics of Cape Verde`s demographics, economic and cultural aspects as well as the importance of the SRH services to its development.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Sexual Behavior , Reproductive Health , Health Policy , National Health Programs/organization & administration , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy, Unplanned , Cabo Verde
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 20(2): 587-593, fev. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742211

ABSTRACT

Prostitutes are vulnerable to unplanned pregnancies and abortions. In Brazil, abortion is a crime and there is no data about unsafe abortions for this population. The study describes how prostitutes perform illegal abortions and the health consequences thereof. Semi-structured interviews with 39 prostitutes from three cities in Brazil with previous induced abortion experience were conducted. Sixty-six abortions, with between one and eight occurrences per woman, were recorded. The majority of the cases resulted from sexual activity with clients. The inconsistent use of condoms with regular clients and the consumption of alcohol during work were indicated as the main causes of unplanned pregnancies. The main method to perform abortion was the intravaginal and oral use of misoprostol, acquired in pharmacies or on the black market. Invasive measures were less frequently reported, however with more serious health complications. The fear of complaint to the police meant that most women do not inform the health team regarding induced abortion. The majority of prostitutes aborted with the use of illegally-acquired misoprostol, ending abortion in a public hospital with infection and hemorrhagic complications. The data indicate the need for a public policy focusing on the reproductive health of prostitutes.


As prostitutas estão vulneráveis à gravidez não planejada e ao aborto. No Brasil, essa prática é crime e não há dados sobre aborto inseguro entre essa população. O estudo descreve como prostitutas abortam ilegalmente e o impacto à saúde. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 39 prostitutas de três cidades do Brasil com experiência prévia em aborto induzido. Foram realizados 66 abortos, entre 1 e 8 ocorrências por mulher. A maioria dos casos resultaram de atividades sexuais com os clientes. O uso inconsistente dos condoms e o consumo de álcool na prostituição foram indicadas como as principais causas de gravidez não planejada. O principal método para abortar foi uso intravaginal e oral de misoprostol, adquirido em farmácias ou no mercado clandestino. Métodos invasivos foram menos frequentes, apesar de com mais sérias implicações à saúde. O medo de denúncia à polícia fez com que a maioria das mulheres não informasse à equipe de saúde sobre a indução do aborto. A maioria das prostitutas abortou com uso de misoprostol adquirido ilegalmente, finalizando o aborto em hospital público com quadros de infecção e complicações hemorrágicas. Os dados indicam a necessidade de uma política pública voltada à saúde reprodutiva das prostitutas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Sex Workers , Brazil , Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal , Misoprostol , Abortion, Induced/methods , Qualitative Research
7.
Rev. saúde pública ; 48(3): 508-520, 06/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-718649

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To analyze temporal trends and distribution patterns of unsafe abortion in Brazil. METHODS Ecological study based on records of hospital admissions of women due to abortion in Brazil between 1996 and 2012, obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Ministry of Health. We estimated the number of unsafe abortions stratified by place of residence, using indirect estimate techniques. The following indicators were calculated: ratio of unsafe abortions/100 live births and rate of unsafe abortion/1,000 women of childbearing age. We analyzed temporal trends through polynomial regression and spatial distribution using municipalities as the unit of analysis. RESULTS In the study period, a total of 4,007,327 hospital admissions due to abortions were recorded in Brazil. We estimated a total of 16,905,911 unsafe abortions in the country, with an annual mean of 994,465 abortions (mean unsafe abortion rate: 17.0 abortions/1,000 women of childbearing age; ratio of unsafe abortions: 33.2/100 live births). Unsafe abortion presented a declining trend at national level (R2: 94.0%, p < 0.001), with unequal patterns between regions. There was a significant reduction of unsafe abortion in the Northeast (R2: 93.0%, p < 0.001), Southeast (R2: 92.0%, p < 0.001) and Central-West regions (R2: 64.0%, p < 0.001), whereas the North (R2: 39.0%, p = 0.030) presented an increase, and the South (R2: 22.0%, p = 0.340) remained stable. Spatial analysis identified the presence of clusters of municipalities with high values for unsafe abortion, located mainly in states of the North, Northeast and Southeast Regions. CONCLUSIONS Unsafe abortion remains a public health problem in Brazil, with marked regional differences, mainly concentrated in the socioeconomically disadvantaged regions of the country. Qualification of attention to women’s health, especially to reproductive aspects and attention to pre- and post-abortion processes, ...


OBJETIVO Analisar tendências temporais e padrões de distribuição espacial do aborto inseguro no Brasil. MÉTODOS Estudo ecológico realizado com base nos registros das internações hospitalares de mulheres por abortamento no Brasil, no período de 1996-2012, obtidos do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Ministério da Saúde. Estimou-se o número de abortos inseguros segundo local de residência, utilizando-se técnicas de estimativas indiretas. Foram calculados os indicadores: razão de aborto inseguro por 100 nascidos vivos e coeficiente de aborto inseguro por 1.000 mulheres em idade fértil. As tendências temporais foram analisadas por regressão polinomial e a distribuição espacial utilizando os municípios brasileiros como unidade de análise. RESULTADOS Foram registradas 4.007.327 internações hospitalares por abortamento no Brasil no período. Estimou-se um total de 16.905.911 abortos inseguros, com média anual de 994.465 abortos (coeficiente médio de aborto inseguro de 17,0 abortos/1.000 mulheres em idade fértil e razão de 33,2 abortos inseguros/100 nascidos vivos). O aborto inseguro apresentou tendência de declínio em nível nacional (R2: 94,0%; p < 0,001), com padrões desiguais entre as regiões. As regiões Nordeste (R2: 93,0%; p < 0,001), Sudeste (R2: 92,0%; p < 0,001) e Centro-Oeste (R2: 64,0%; p < 0,001) apresentaram tendência de declínio, enquanto a região Norte (R2: 39,0%; p = 0,030), tendência de aumento, e a região Sul (R2: 22,0%; p = 0,340), de estabilidade. A análise espacial identificou a presença de clusters de municípios com altos valores de abortos inseguros, localizados especialmente em estados das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Sudeste. CONCLUSÕES O aborto inseguro se mantém ...


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Spatio-Temporal Analysis , Abortion, Criminal/adverse effects , Abortion, Induced/adverse effects , Brazil/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 18(8): 2311-2318, Ago. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-680960

ABSTRACT

Este artigo analisa os métodos, os percursos e as redes de apoio utilizados por adolescentes para o aborto clandestino. O estudo, transversal e descritivo, entrevistou 30 adolescentes internadas após a curetagem uterina por aborto em dois hospitais públicos de Teresina, de junho a novembro de 2011. O consentimento livre e esclarecido foi oral e as entrevistas foram gravadas após a confirmação do aborto induzido. Majoritariamente, as adolescentes tinham entre 14 e 17 anos, eram solteiras, urbanas, moravam com os pais, tinham baixa escolaridade e registravam idade gestacional de 12 semanas. O Cytotec foi usado isoladamente por 28 (94%) adolescentes - de 3 a 6 comprimidos, vaginal e/ou oralmente, que procuraram o hospital após sangramento vaginal e/ou cólicas intensas. Elas compraram o Cytotec sozinhas (43%, 13) ou com ajuda de amigo ou companheiro (40%, 12), em farmácias comuns. O medicamento foi vendido pelo proprietário (45%, 13) ou pelo balconista (55%, 16), que deu as orientações de uso. O apoio para as adolescentes irem ao hospital foi dado pela mãe (40%, 12) ou por amiga (30%, 9). Houve 3 (10%) complicações graves, resultando em internação de até 20 dias. O estudo demonstra a predominância do Cytotec como método abortivo entre adolescentes.


This paper analyses the methods, techniques and support networks taken by adolescents to perform illegal abortions. It is a descriptive and cross-sectional study involving interviews with 30 adolescents who had been hospitalized for uterine curettage in two public hospitals in Teresina between June and November 2011. Informed consent was given orally, and the interviews were recorded after the confirmation of the induced abortion. The adolescents were between 14 and 17 years old, single, and predominantly lived with their parents in urban areas, had little schooling and recorded a gestational age of 12 weeks. Between 3 and 6 tablets of Cytotec were taken orally and/or vaginally by 28 (94%) adolescents, and they were rushed to the hospital due to severe cramping, vaginal bleeding or both. They either bought Cytotec alone (43%, 13), or with the help of a friend or partner (40%, 12). Cytotec was sold to them in ordinary pharmacies, by the owner (45%, 13) or clerk (55%, 55), who provided instructions for use. They went to the hospital with their mother (40%, 12) or a girl friend (30%, 9). Three (10%) adolescents developed serious complications. The study revealed that Cytotec is the main method used to perform illegal abortions among adolescents.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal , Abortion, Induced , Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/methods , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Misoprostol , Social Support
9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 17(7): 1671-1681, jul. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-645561

ABSTRACT

O artigo apresenta os resultados da etapa de entrevistas estruturadas da Pesquisa Nacional de Aborto (PNA-entrevistas), descrevendo características das mulheres que fizeram ao menos um aborto ilegal, os itinerários e os métodos. Entrevistas estruturadas feitas em 2010 e 2011 com 122 mulheres entre 18 e 39 anos que abortaram, em cinco capitais brasileiras (Belém, Brasília, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro e Salvador). Amostra não probabilística controlada por seis cotas, de acordo com nível educacional e idade, refletindo a estrutura social e demográfica encontrada na PNA-urna. A maioria das mulheres entrevistadas realizou apenas um aborto, mas uma em cada quatro realizou dois abortos, e uma em cada 17 realizou três abortos. A maioria dos abortos ocorre entre jovens até 19 anos, muitas das quais já tiveram filhos. Os exames mais comuns para identificar a gravidez são o beta-HCG sérico, o teste de urina de farmácia e o ultrassom. Há uma prevalência do aborto entre mulheres negras. O principal método abortivo é uma combinação de chás e cytotec (misoprostol) com a finalização em hospitais. Parentes e companheiros auxiliam em diferentes etapas do processo. Várias mulheres relataram já ter ajudado outras mulheres a abortar após sua experiência individual.


This paper presents the results of the structured interview phase of the National Abortion Survey (PNA-interviews), describing the itineraries, methods and social and demographic profile of women who had at least one illegal abortion. Structured interviews were conducted during the years 2010 and 2011 in five state capitals (Belem, Brasilia, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro and Salvador) with 122 women aged between 18 and 39 who had abortions. It is a non-probabilistic sample controlled by six parameters in accordance with level of education and age to reflect the social and demographic structure found in the PNA ballot-box questionnaire phase. The majority of women interviewed had had only one abortion, but 1 in every 4 had two abortions and 1 in every 17 had a third one. The majority of abortions are among women under 19 years of age who already had children and a higher incidence is found among black women. The most common test for pregnancy is beta-HCG blood test, the pharmacy urine test and ultrassound. The prevailing method for induction is a combination of teas and misoprostol (called Cytotec in Brazil), followed by hospital assistance after induction. Women are usually helped by a relative or their partners and several women reported helping other women to have abortions.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Interviews as Topic , Urban Health
13.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 17(7): 1699-1708, jul. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-645567

ABSTRACT

A partir de um conjunto de entrevistas em profundidade reuniu-se significativo material de cunho etnográfico sobre os percursos - concretos e simbólicos - de jovens mulheres e seus parceiros em busca de solução para uma gravidez imprevista. As iniquidades da sociedade brasileira se expressam em itinerários de maior ou menor sinuosidade, complexidade e duração de acordo com as condições materiais de existência e recursos sociais de que dispõem os sujeitos. Assim, para jovens de setores médios o acesso para a realização do aborto é ágil e bastante seguro, enquanto para as demais mulheres a decisão de abortar compõe-se de esforços em diferentes planos para a consecução do projeto. As narrativas podem assumir contornos dramáticos que configuram decisões de interrupção da gravidez mesmo em estágios avançados de gestação.


From a series of in-depth interviews, we gathered a significant amount of ethnographic material on the concrete and symbolic paths taken by young women and their partners in the search for a solution to an unplanned pregnancy. Inequities in Brazilian society are expressed in itineraries/routes of different sinuosity, complexity and duration according to the individuals' social and material conditions of existence. Thus, for middle class youths access to abortion is very swift and secure, whereas for the rest of women the decision to abort consists of efforts on different levels to achieve the undertaking. The narratives may assume dramatic proportions, including abortion even in advanced stages of pregnancy.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Interviews as Topic , Urban Health
14.
Cad. saúde pública ; 28(4): 709-719, abr. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-625469

ABSTRACT

This cross-sectional population-based study in a peripheral low-income community in São Paulo, Brazil, aimed to estimate the prevalence of unsafe abortion and identify the socio-demographic characteristics associated with it and its morbidity. The article discusses the study's results, based on univariate and multiple multinomial logistic regression analyses. The final regression models included: age at first intercourse < 16 years (OR = 4.80); > 2 sex partners in the previous year (OR = 3.63); more live born children than the woman's self-reported ideal number (OR = 3.09); acceptance of the abortion due to insufficient economic conditions (OR = 4.07); black ethnicity/color (OR = 2.67); and low schooling (OR = 2.46), all with p < 0.05. The discussion used an approach to social determinants of health based on the concept and model adopted by the WHO and the health inequities caused by such determinants in the occurrence of unsafe abortion. According to the findings, unsafe abortion and socio-demographic characteristics are influenced by the social determinants of health described in the study, generating various levels of health inequities in this low-income population.


Valendo-se de uma pesquisa de base populacional, com desenho transversal, realizada em uma comunidade da periferia de São Paulo, Brasil, que teve como objetivos estimar a prevalência de mulheres com aborto inseguro, identificar as características sociodemográficas a ele associadas, e sua morbidade, são discutidos neste artigo os resultados, após efetuadas análises de regressão logística multinomial univariadas e múltipla. Tem-se nos modelos finais da regressão: idade da 1ª relação sexual < 16 (OR = 4,80); número de parceiros no último ano > 2 (OR = 3,63); número de filhos nascidos vivos > ideal (OR = 3,09); aceitação do aborto por falta de condições econômicas (OR = 4,07); etnia negra/cor preta (OR = 2,67); e escolaridade baixa (OR = 2,46), todos com p < 0,05. Foi utilizada na discussão uma abordagem voltada aos determinantes sociais da saúde, segundo conceito e modelo adotados pela WHO, e às iniquidades em saúde por esses geradas na ocorrência do aborto inseguro. Verificou-se que o aborto inseguro e características sociodemográficas são influenciados pelos determinantes sociais da saúde descritos, gerando nessa população iniquidades em saúde de proporções diversas.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Health Status Disparities , Pregnancy, Unwanted , Socioeconomic Factors , Abortion, Criminal/ethnology , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Poverty Areas , Regression Analysis , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data
15.
P. R. health sci. j ; 27(1): 93-99, Mar. 2008.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-491624

ABSTRACT

Small island exigencies and a legacy of colonial jurisprudence set the stage for this three-year study in 2001-2003 of abortion practice on several islands of the northeast Caribbean: St. Martin, St. Maarten, Anguilla, Antigua and St Kitts. Based on in-depth interviews with 26 physicians, 16 of whom were performing abortions, it found that licensed physicians are routinely providing abortions in contravention of the law, and that those services, tolerated by governments and legitimised by European norms, are clearly the mainstay of abortion care on these islands. Medical abortion was being used both under medical supervision and through self-medication. Women travelled to find anonymous services, and also to access a particular method, provider or facility. Sometimes they settled for a less acceptable method if they could not afford a more comfortable one. Significantly, legality was not the main determinant of choice. Most abortion providers accepted the current situation as satisfactory. However, our findings suggest that restrictive laws were hindering access to services and compromising quality of care. Whereas doctors may have the liberty and knowledge to practise illegal abortions, women have no legal right to these services. Interviews suggest that an increasing number of women are self-inducing misoprostol abortions to avoid doctors, high fees and public stigma. The Caribbean Initiative on Abortion and Contraception is organising meetings, training providers and creating a public forum to advocate decriminalisation of abortion and enhance abortion care.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Abortion, Criminal/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/legislation & jurisprudence , Abortion, Induced , Caribbean Region , Interviews as Topic
18.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 14(2): 125-130, Aug. 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-349610

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: If properly trained, medical students could become future opinion leaders in health policy and could help the public to understand the consequences of unwanted pregnancies and of abortions. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions that had occurred among women who were first-year medical students at a major public university in Mexico City and to compare the experiences of those women with the experiences of the general population of Mexican females aged 15 to 24. METHODS: In 1998 we administered a cross-sectional survey to all the first-year medical students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, which is the largest university in Latin America. For this study we analyzed 549 surveys completed by female students. RESULTS: Out of the 549 women, 120 of them (22 percent) had been sexually active at some point. Among those 120 sexually active students, 100 of them (83 percent) had used a contraceptive method at some time, and 19 of the 120 (16 percent) had been pregnant. Of those 19 women who had been pregnant, 10 of them had had an illegal induced abortion (in Mexico, abortions are illegal except under a small number of extenuating circumstances). The reported abortion rate among the female medical students, 2 percent, was very low in comparison with the 11 percent rate for women of similar ages in the Mexican general population. CONCLUSIONS: The lower incidence of abortion among the female medical students indicates that when young Mexican women have access to medical information and are highly motivated to avoid unintended pregnancy and abortion, they can do so.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Contraception Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy, Unwanted/statistics & numerical data , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Mexico , Parity , Schools, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Universities/statistics & numerical data
19.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 68(4): 309-314, 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-364609

ABSTRACT

El aborto, por su contribución a la mortalidad materna, ha sido tradicionalmente un problema de salud pública en América Latina y en Chile. En la actualidad, si bien es cierto la mortalidad por esta causa ha disminuido, la cantidad de abortos realizados permanece alta. Por este motivo, se ha querido efectuar una caracterización desde la perspectiva epidemiológica de la mortalidad por aborto ocurrido en Chile entre 1985 y 2000. Los resultados confirman la baja en la mortalidad durante el período estudiado. No obstante, es necesario prevenir la ocurrencia de aborto, puesto que sigue siendo una causa de mortalidad materna en el país.


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Abortion, Induced , Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/adverse effects , Maternal Mortality/trends , Chile/epidemiology , Women's Health
20.
Managua; s.n; 2000. 49 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-279324

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio se realizó en el servicio de ARO- I del Hospital Escuela Oscar Danilo Rosales, en el periódo comprendido 1996-1999. Este estudio es longitudinal de corte transversal, prospectivo. Se estudia toda la mujer post-aborto que solicitan atención en cualquier etapa clínica del aborto en esta Institución. La mayoria de las mujeres post-aborto se encuentrán en el grupo de edad de 20-29 años seguidas de las de 15-19 años, de las 360 mujeres estudiadas el 14.7 porciento no desearon más embarazos ya que tenían más de 3 hijos. El 86 porciento están interesadas en utilizar un método de planifiación familiar. El 100 porciento de las mujeres estudiada en el servicio conocen al menos un método anticonceptivo, siendo el método anticonceptivo esterilización quirúrgica. El método preferido por las mujeres son los gestogenos orales, Diu y esterilización femenina y menos mencionada por las pacientes fueron los preservativos (82 porciento) e inyectables (80 porciento). Las pacientes no familiarizadas con los métodos son la educación primaria, se encontró que en el servicio las de educación secundaria y superior fueron las que menos ingresaron al servicio de post-parto


Subject(s)
Abortion, Criminal/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced , Contraception , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Family Development Planning/statistics & numerical data , Family Development Planning/methods , Family Development Planning , Sterilization
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